The Chiesa Nazionale Francese, founded by Cardinal Giulio dei Medici (then Clemente VII) in 1518, and completed in1589 by Giacomo della Porta and Domenico Fontana, it is famous for the three paintings by Caravaggio dedicated to San Matteo and for the frescoes by Domenichino. 

The vaste façade from the late-Renaissance, probably attributed to Giacomo della Porta, is divided up by pilaster strips in five spans, with three portals and two niches with statues by Lestache (1758). The interior embodies three naves with five chapels per side and a rich central decorated with marbles; the whole church clearly embodies a baroque style.